Prospects for F_L^D Measurements at HERA-II

The theoretical interest in the longitudinal diffractive structure function F_L^D is briefly motivated and possible measurement methods are surveyed. A simulation based on realistic scenarios with a reduced proton beam energy at HERA-II using the H1 apparatus shows that measurements are possible with up to 4 sigma significance, limited by systematic errors.Comment: Contribution to Proceedings of the HERA-LHC worksho

Colour-Singlet Exchange in ep Interactions

Results presented at the DIS97 workshop by the H1, ZEUS and E665 collaborations on processes yielding large rapidity gaps and energetic leading baryons are reviewed. A consistent picture begins to emerge in which diffractive processes dominate when the fractional longitudinal momentum loss at the baryon vertex \xpom is small, with substantial contributions from other processes as \xpom increases. The diffractive mechanism in the deep-inelastic regime is found, both from inclusive measurements and final state studies, to involve the exchange of a gluon carrying a large fraction of the exchange momentum. Vector meson results show the transition from soft to hard production mechanisms with increasing precision.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figures, LATEX, aipproc.sty. Summary talk from the diffractive sessions of the DIS97 workshop, Chicag

Radiation tolerant silicon nitride insulated gate field effect transistors

Metal-Insulated-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor /MISFET/ device uses a silicon nitride passivation layer over a thin silicon oxide layer to enhance the radiation tolerance. It is useful in electronic systems exposed to space radiation environment or the effects of nuclear weapons

Benjamin Franklin and the leather-apron men: the politics of class in eighteenth-century Philadelphia

Benjamin Franklin's autobiography reveals his deep investment in shaping and controlling how both his contemporaries and posterity assessed his life and achievements. This essay explores Franklin's construction and presentation of his pride in his working-class origins and identity, analysing how and why Franklin sought not to hide his poor origins but rather to celebrate them as a virtue. As an extremely successful printer, Franklin had risen from working-class obscurity to the highest ranks of Philadelphia society, yet unlike other self-made men of the era Franklin embraced and celebrated his artisanal roots, and he made deliberate use of his working-class identity during the Seven Years War and the subsequent imperial crisis, thereby consolidating his own reputation and firming up the support of urban workers who considered him one of their own

Knowledge-based simulation

An architecture for a knowledge-based simulator is described. The task of scheduling represents an area in which such a tool might be applied. More specifically, scheduling for crew and ground support activities for the shuttle and space station would benefit from the application of knowledge-based simulation. The knowledge-based simulator would allow the crew and support personnel to schedule and reschedule activities in a timely and flexible manner in order to examine and test possible plans

Component sizes in networks with arbitrary degree distributions

We give an exact solution for the complete distribution of component sizes in random networks with arbitrary degree distributions. The solution tells us the probability that a randomly chosen node belongs to a component of size s, for any s. We apply our results to networks with the three most commonly studied degree distributions -- Poisson, exponential, and power-law -- as well as to the calculation of cluster sizes for bond percolation on networks, which correspond to the sizes of outbreaks of SIR epidemic processes on the same networks. For the particular case of the power-law degree distribution, we show that the component size distribution itself follows a power law everywhere below the phase transition at which a giant component forms, but takes an exponential form when a giant component is present.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figur

Introduction

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The Genus Phragmatobia in North America, with the Description of a New Species (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)

Excerpt: This paper, based on the examination of 1,879 specimens, serves to resolve the taxonomic problems involving the three North American species of Phragmatobia. The genus Phragmatobia, the ruby tiger moths, has had a checkered history since it was described by Stephens in 1829 (type, by monotypy, Noctua j\u27uliginosa Linnaeus, 1758). Although many species have been described in or transferred to this genus, in both the Old and New Worlds, most of them have been removed to other genera. By 1902 Dyar recognized only two North American species, a status since then unchanged (McDunnough, 1938; Forbes, 1960). Despite the recent stability of the names, there has been much confusion as to which names to apply to particular specimens. This problem is resolved below, with the description of a third North American species, long confused with the two named species

Measuring and Monitoring Cognition in the Postoperative Period

It is common for patients of all ages to experience some degree of cognitive disturbance following surgery. In most cases, impairment appears mild and is restricted to the acute post-operative period, resolving steadily and speedily. In a small number of cases, however, deficits may be more pronounced and/or endure for longer periods, significantly delaying recovery and increasing the risk of serious clinical complications. The ability to accurately measure postoperative cognition, and track recovery of function, is an important clinical task. This review explores practical and methodological issues that may confound this process, examining how best to obtain reliable and meaningful measures of cognition before and after surgery. It considers neuropsychological test selection, administration, analysis and interpretation and offers evidence-based practice points for clinicians and researchers

Subjective and Non-subjective Information in Children’s Allegations of Abuse

In this study, we were interested in how interviewers elicit subjective information in investigations of child abuse (e.g., descriptions of thoughts, emotions, opinions). Sixty-one interviews of children aged 4-12 years old were analyzed to determine the amount of subjective information versus non-subjective event details reported, and the type of question that elicited the information. Interviewers elicited more non-subjective than subjective information, although there was more focus on subjective information in the rapport-building phase than in the substantive phase when the allegations were elicited. Interviewer prompts and child responsiveness was congruent such that non-subjective questions elicited more non-subjective information, and subjective interviewer questions elicited more subjective information. The presence of subjective information in children’s testimony can influence children’s credibility, and the results of this study demonstrate that forensic interviewers play a significant part in the level of subjective information children provide